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BMC Oral Health Jun 2018Cases of diverticula of the buccal mucosa are extremely rare. Literature searches of databases such as PubMed/MEDLINE for this condition have revealed only 10 case... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Cases of diverticula of the buccal mucosa are extremely rare. Literature searches of databases such as PubMed/MEDLINE for this condition have revealed only 10 case reports. In this case report, we describe our experience in the management of this rare condition and review the previous 10 previously reported cases.
CASE PRESENTATION
A 66-year-old man presented with a pouch containing inspissated food debris located posterior to the papilla of the parotid duct in his left buccal mucosa. The diagnosis of a diverticulum arising from the buccal mucosa was confirmed based on clinical and radiographic findings. Gross examination of the locally resected tissue specimen revealed a pouch measuring 14 mm in diameter and 8 mm in depth, that was whitish in color and had an elastic, soft, and smooth surface. Microscopic examination revealed a cyst-like lesion lined by stratified squamous epithelium and granulation tissue, with a chronic inflammatory infiltration in the peripheral stromal tissue of the epithelial layer. After surgical excision of the lesion, there was no recurrence during the follow-up period of 5 years and 10 months.
CONCLUSIONS
We have presented a rare case of a diverticulum of the buccal mucosa. This is the first report of a case confirmed not only by the clinicopathological findings, but also by computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging findings. From the magnetic resonance imaging and intraoperative findings, we inferred that the diverticulum was caused by an idiopathic developmental anomaly due to a partial defect of the buccinator muscle.
Topics: Aged; Diverticulum; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Mouth Mucosa; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 29879973
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-018-0572-9 -
Head and Neck Pathology Sep 2021Canalicular adenoma (CAD) is an uncommon benign tumor of minor salivary glands with predilection for the upper labial mucosa. An 80-year-old female presented with nine...
Canalicular adenoma (CAD) is an uncommon benign tumor of minor salivary glands with predilection for the upper labial mucosa. An 80-year-old female presented with nine submucosal nodules of the upper labial mucosa and bilateral buccal mucosa. Histopathologic examination revealed multifocal circumscribed tumor islands with a tubular growth pattern within a loose hypocellular myxoid background stroma. Interconnecting rows of columnar tumor cells imparted a canalicular morphology. In addition to the characteristic histopathologic findings, a comprehensive immunohistochemical panel supported a final diagnosis of multifocal CAD. Synchronous multifocality in CAD is an infrequent finding and this sine qua non clinicopathologic correlation article exemplifies such a case.
Topics: Adenoma; Aged, 80 and over; Female; Humans; Mouth Mucosa; Salivary Gland Neoplasms
PubMed: 33544378
DOI: 10.1007/s12105-021-01293-w -
Archivio Italiano Di Urologia,... Jul 2016Peyronie's Disease (PD) is an under reported acquired benign condition that, at the moment, is not curable with medical therapy. Surgery represent the gold standard of... (Review)
Review
AIM
Peyronie's Disease (PD) is an under reported acquired benign condition that, at the moment, is not curable with medical therapy. Surgery represent the gold standard of treatment. Surgical approaches are several and they consist in "plication techniques" or plaque incision/excision with grafting of resulting albuginea defect. Among grafting procedures, albuginea defect substitution with autologous materials demonstrated over the years not inferior results respect to heterologous grafts. Buccal mucosa graft (BMG) is not usually emphasized in many review articles and clinical series are yet limited.
METHODS
We present our experience with seventeen plaque incision procedures and BMG in surgical correction of complex penile curvatures due to PD performed in a period of 30 months. Our analyses was focused on buccal mucosa graft characteristics as major determinant of the surgical success. We also conducted a brief literature review on autologous grafting materials used in reconstructive penile surgery for PD.
RESULTS
Our cosmetics and functional results consists in a 100% of functional penile straightening with no relapses and 5,8% of de novo erectile dysfunction. Mean age was 56.4 years, mean follow-up of 22.5 (6-36) months. No complications graft related were observed. Operative time was 115.3 minutes in mean. Over 94% of patients referred they were "really much better" and "much better" satisfied based on PGI-I questionnaire administrated at the last follow- up visit.
CONCLUSION
BMG is revealing as an optimal choice for reconstructive surgery in PD. Anatomical characteristics consisting in the great elasticity, the quick integration time and the easy harvesting technique lead to high cosmetics and functional success rate, without omitting economical and invasiveness aspects.
Topics: Aftercare; Aged; Erectile Dysfunction; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Mouth Mucosa; Patient Satisfaction; Penile Induration; Plastic Surgery Procedures; Surveys and Questionnaires; Transplantation, Autologous; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 27377087
DOI: 10.4081/aiua.2016.2.115 -
In Vitro Cellular & Developmental... Feb 2021Three-dimensional, organotypic models of the oral mucosa have been developed to study a wide variety of phenomena occurring in the oral cavity. Although a number of... (Review)
Review
Three-dimensional, organotypic models of the oral mucosa have been developed to study a wide variety of phenomena occurring in the oral cavity. Although a number of models have been developed in academic research labs, only a few models have been commercialized. Models from academic groups offer a broader range of phenotypes while the commercial models are more focused on the oral and gingival mucosa. The commercialized models are manufactured under highly controlled conditions and meet the requirements of quality standards, which leads to high levels of reproducibility. These in vitro models have been used to evaluate the irritancy of oral care products such as toothpastes, mouthwashes, and mucoadhesives. The effects of cigarette smoke on oral cavity tissues have been studied and compared to those of e-cigarettes. Oral tissue models have facilitated investigation of the mechanisms of oral mucositis and oral candidiasis and have been used to examine transbuccal drug delivery rates and the absorption of nanoparticles. Infection studies have investigated the effects of HIV-1 along with the effects of commensal and pathogenic bacteria. More recently, a differentiated oral tissue model has been shown to express the ACE2 receptor, which is known to be important for the receptor-mediated entry of the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus into human cells and tissues. Hence, oral mucosal models may find application in determining whether viral infection of the oral mucosa is possible and whether such infection has implications vis-a-vis the current COVID-19 pandemic. As is apparent, these models are used in a broad variety of applications and often offer advantages versus animal models in terms of reproducibility, avoiding species extrapolation, and the ethical concerns related to human and animal experimentation. The goals of this paper are to review commercially available models of the human buccal and gingival mucosa and highlight their use to gain a better understanding of a broad range of phenomena affecting tissues in the oral cavity.
Topics: COVID-19; Dental Materials; Drug Delivery Systems; Humans; Infections; Mouth; Mouth Mucosa; Quality Control; SARS-CoV-2; Tissue Culture Techniques; Tissue Engineering; Nicotiana; Toothpastes; Ultraviolet Rays
PubMed: 33447968
DOI: 10.1007/s11626-020-00539-1 -
Epigenetics Feb 2019Buccal epithelial cells are among the most clinically accessible tissues and are increasingly being used to identify epigenetic disease patterns. However, substantial...
Buccal epithelial cells are among the most clinically accessible tissues and are increasingly being used to identify epigenetic disease patterns. However, substantial variation in buccal DNA methylation patterns indicates heterogeneity of cell types within and between samples, raising questions of data quality. We systematically estimated cell-type composition for a large collection of buccal and saliva samples from 11 published studies of DNA methylation. In these we identified numerous cases of buccal samples with questionable purity, which may be affected by sampling from individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders, and by the brushes used for sample collection. Further challenges are involved in comparisons with tissues such as saliva, in which buccal component varies widely. We propose a reference-based method of correcting for buccal purity that reduces unwanted variation while preserving cross-tissue differences. Our work demonstrates the wide variation of buccal quality in epigenetic studies and suggests a possible approach to overcome this issue.
Topics: CpG Islands; DNA Methylation; Epigenesis, Genetic; Epithelial Cells; Female; Humans; Male; Mouth Mucosa; Saliva; Specimen Handling
PubMed: 30821575
DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2019.1581592 -
Korean Journal of Urology Jul 2015Tissue transfer techniques are an essential part of the reconstructive urologist's armamentarium. Flaps and graft techniques are widely used in genital and urethral... (Review)
Review
Tissue transfer techniques are an essential part of the reconstructive urologist's armamentarium. Flaps and graft techniques are widely used in genital and urethral reconstruction. A graft is tissue that is moved from a donor site to a recipient site without its native blood supply. The main types of grafts used in urology are full thickness grafts, split thickness skin grafts and buccal mucosa grafts. Flaps are transferred from the donor site to the recipient site on a pedicle containing its native blood supply. Flaps can be classified based on blood supply, elevation methods or the method of transfer. The most used flaps in urology include penile, preputial, and scrotal skin. We review the various techniques used in reconstructive urology and the outcomes of these techniques.
Topics: Genitalia; Humans; Mouth Mucosa; Plastic Surgery Procedures; Skin Transplantation; Surgical Flaps; Tissue Transplantation; Ureter; Urethra; Urologic Surgical Procedures
PubMed: 26175866
DOI: 10.4111/kju.2015.56.7.478 -
Journal of Cancer Research and... 2020Several studies regarding tumor-stroma ratio (TSR) in colorectal, esophageal, breast, endometrial, and cervical carcinomas have been done in the past with significant... (Review)
Review
Clinicopathological correlation of tumor-stroma ratio and inflammatory cell infiltrate with tumor grade and lymph node metastasis in squamous cell carcinoma of buccal mucosa and tongue in 41 cases with review of literature.
INTRODUCTION
Several studies regarding tumor-stroma ratio (TSR) in colorectal, esophageal, breast, endometrial, and cervical carcinomas have been done in the past with significant results.
OBJECTIVES
The objectives of this study were to (1) study and grade TSR in buccal mucosa and tongue squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), (2) grade inflammatory cell infiltrate surrounding the tumor, and (3) correlate the above two parameters with tumor grade, lymph node metastasis, lymphovascular invasion (LVI), and perineural invasion (PNI).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Totally, 25 patients of buccal SCC and 16 cases of tongue SCC were included in the study. TSR was assessed visually on the hematoxylin and eosin-stained tissue sections by two independent observers. Cases were categorized into two groups: One with high TSR >50% (stroma poor) and the other with low TSR <50% as the stroma-rich group. TSR was correlated with tumor size, lymph node metastasis, inflammatory cell infiltrate, LVI, and PNI. Data were analyzed by the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 16.0 (Chicago, IL, USA) for Windows. The Chi-square and Fischer's exact tests were applied in the analysis of categorical variable.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION
SCC of buccal mucosa showed a significant correlation between TSR and size of the tumor (P = 0.001). We found that smaller the tumor size ≤2 cm (Stage T1), lesser the TSR, and size >2 cm was found to be associated with higher TSR. Hence, higher TSR (stroma poor) was associated with an adverse pathological characteristic, i.e., advanced T significantly. There was no significant correlation between TSR and inflammatory infiltrate with grade of the tumor, lymph node metastasis, LVI, and PNI. In 16 cases of SCC of the tongue; no correlation was observed between TSR and inflammatory infiltrate with tumor size, grade of the tumor, lymph node metastasis, LVI, and PNI. TSR has been studied in various malignancies (mostly adenocarcinomas) including laryngeal SCCs; however, it has never been studied on oral SCCs.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Female; Humans; Lymphatic Metastasis; Male; Middle Aged; Mouth Mucosa; Mouth Neoplasms; Neoplasm Grading; Neoplasm Staging; Retrospective Studies; Risk Factors; Stromal Cells; Tongue; Tongue Neoplasms; Young Adult
PubMed: 32719249
DOI: 10.4103/0973-1482.193113 -
BioMed Research International 2020Ureteroplasty using onlay grafts or flaps emerged as an innovative procedure for the management of proximal and midureteral strictures. Autologous grafts or flaps used... (Review)
Review
Ureteroplasty using onlay grafts or flaps emerged as an innovative procedure for the management of proximal and midureteral strictures. Autologous grafts or flaps used commonly in ureteroplasty include the oral mucosae, bladder mucosae, ileal mucosae, and appendiceal mucosae. Oral mucosa grafts, especially buccal mucosa grafts (BMGs), have gained wide acceptance as a graft choice for ureteroplasty. The reported length of BMG ureteroplasty ranged from 1.5 to 11 cm with success rates of 71.4%-100%. However, several studies have demonstrated that ureteroplasty using lingual mucosa grafts yields better recipient site outcomes and fewer donor site complications than that using BMGs. In addition, there is no essential difference in the efficacy and complication rates of BMG ureteroplasty using an anterior approach or a posterior approach. Intestinal graft or flap ureteroplasty was also reported. And the reported length of ileal or appendiceal flap ureteroplasty ranged from 1 to 8 cm with success rates of 75%-100%. Moreover, the bladder mucosa, renal pelvis wall, and penile/preputial skin have also been reported to be used for ureteroplasty and have achieved satisfactory outcomes, but each graft or flap has unique advantages and potential problems. Tissue engineering-based ureteroplasty through the implantation of patched scaffolds, such as the small intestine submucosa, with or without cell seeding, has induced successful ureteral regeneration structurally close to that of the native ureter and has resulted in good functional outcomes in animal models.
Topics: Animals; Constriction, Pathologic; Humans; Mouth Mucosa; Plastic Surgery Procedures; Surgical Flaps; Ureter; Urethral Stricture
PubMed: 32775430
DOI: 10.1155/2020/6178286 -
Oncotarget Feb 2017The pathogenesis of oral-intestinal allergy syndrome (OIAS) has not been well understood. Published data indicate that galectin (Gal) 1 has immune regulatory functions....
BACKGROUND AND AIMS
The pathogenesis of oral-intestinal allergy syndrome (OIAS) has not been well understood. Published data indicate that galectin (Gal) 1 has immune regulatory functions. This study tests a hypothesis that Gal1 inhibits oral-intestinal allergy syndrome.
METHODS
Mice were sensitized to peanut extracts (PE) via the buccal mucosa with or without using Gal1 together.
RESULTS
Upon re-exposure to specific antigen, the OIAS mice showed the systemic allergic response, the oral allergic reactions, and intestinal allergic inflammation, including increases in serum histamine, drop of the core temperature, higher levels of PE-specific IgE and interleukin (IL)-4. Increases in mast cell and eosinophil in the oral mucosa and intestinal mucosa were also observed. The OIAS was inhibited by co-administration with Gal1 via a mechanism of suppressing micro RNA (miR)-98 and reversing the expression of IL-10 in CD14+ cells in the intestine.
CONCLUSIONS
The OIAS can be induced by applying specific antigens to the oral mucosa, which can be inhibited by co-administration with Gal1.
Topics: Animals; Body Temperature; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Galectin 1; Gene Expression; Histamine; Immunoglobulin E; Interleukin-10; Interleukin-4; Intestinal Mucosa; Male; Mice, Inbred BALB C; MicroRNAs; Mouth Mucosa; Peanut Hypersensitivity; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; Syndrome
PubMed: 28086216
DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14571 -
Head and Neck Pathology Dec 2020Salivary gland neoplasms of the buccal mucosa are relatively rare and often present with an unusual histopathologic profile when compared with other intraoral locations....
Salivary gland neoplasms of the buccal mucosa are relatively rare and often present with an unusual histopathologic profile when compared with other intraoral locations. We present a series of minor salivary gland neoplasms of the buccal mucosa and discuss demographics, clinical presentation, and histologic findings. An IRB approved retrospective search of University of Florida Oral Pathology Biopsy Service archive from 1994 to 2018 for all salivary gland neoplasms of the buccal mucosa was undertaken. Data related to age, gender, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and category of neoplasm recorded. Review for consensus of diagnosis and immunohistochemical (IHC) testing on current diagnostic standards was performed and diagnoses updated based on results. Of 66 cases identified majority were females (72.7%) and age mean was 63 years. Benign tumors were 56.06% and 43.94% malignant, with Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) being commonest (26/66, 39.4%), followed by canalicular adenoma (CLA) (14/66, 21.2%), ductal papilloma (DP) (10/66, 15.2%), cystadenoma (CA) (8/66, 12.1%), basal cell adenoma (BCA) (4/66, 6.1%), and 1(1.5%) each for pleomorphic adenoma (PA), secretory carcinoma (SC), adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) and adenocarcinoma not otherwise specified (ACNOS). This study with respect to demographics and percentage of benign and malignant buccal mucosal salivary gland neoplasms is in conformity with the literature. It underscores the fact that both benign and malignant salivary gland neoplasms should be included in the differential diagnosis of submucosal buccal masses. Future larger multicenter studies with detailed treatment and outcomes data may aid and assist in further understanding the behavior, diverse histomorphology and prognosis of these neoplasms.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Mouth Mucosa; Retrospective Studies; Salivary Gland Neoplasms; Salivary Glands, Minor
PubMed: 32506376
DOI: 10.1007/s12105-020-01190-8